The gan provides an overlay access between the terminal and the cs core without requiring specific enhancements or support in. Ltea meets and exceeds all requirements for 4g as specified in imtadvanced. Lte eutran and its access side protocols radisys white paper 3 radio protocol architecture access stratum logically, lte network protocols can be divided into control plane responsible for managing the transport bearer and user plane responsible for transporting user traffic. Prerequisites basic understanding on any of the network technologies like gprs, gsm, core network, radio interfaces etc is expected before diving into the tutorial. Volte ims architecture ims core cscf, tas, mrf, bgw. The smooth operation of 4g services requires a scalable, properly working lte core network, among others. Essentially this provided a much flatter form of network.
The lte radio access design is optimized for ipbased services. Note that standards use terminology node b for base. The epc is the latest evolution of the 3gpp core network architecture. One change was that a number of the functions previously handled by the core network were transferred out to the periphery. The first deployments were simply known as lte, but later deployments were designated 4g lte advanced and later still 4g lte pro. Lte both radio and core network evolution is now on the market. Full access to mobile multimedia at high speed is an offer very hard to resist for the common internet consumers. Volte tutorial this voice over lte beginners guide will help you to understand the fundamentals of ip based voice communication in the 4g lte network. A logical node controlling qos see8 and charging in user data transfers.
This document presents the lte network architecture as the first technical document of lte area. Aug 09, 2018 evolved packet core epc is a framework for providing converged voice and data on a 4g longterm evolution lte network. The evolved packet core communicates with packet data networks in the outside world such as. Long term evolution lte a tutorial network systems lab. Lte tutorial for beginners learn lte online training. The core network will not need to manage mobility, authentication or security control as the user changes access technology in the mobile network. If it is voip to voip call, it will remain within lte network and supported using voip protocols. Be careful not to damage your fingernails when you remove the back cover. The 3gpp evolution for the 3g mobile system created the new base station system, called evolved umts terrestrial radio access network eutran and a new core network, called evolved packet core epc as a result of two standardisation projects. Enhancement of the utra optimisation of the utran architecture to ensure the continued competitiveness of the 3gpp technologies for the future lte was the first and only technology recognized by the next generation mobile network alliance to meet its broad requirements target deployment in 2010. This creates a necessity of functional, integration, and mass testing of the lte core.
Eps consists of an ipbased access called lte long term evolution of 3g and a packet core network called epc evolved packet core. Long term evolution lte and system architecture evolution sae. Eps is a broadband access network connected to the ip world internet intranet. The highlevel network architecture of lte is comprised of following three main components. The university of texas at arlington, 2010 supervising professor. This tutorial will give you enough understanding on lte technology from where you can take yourself at higher level of expertise. Nokia siemens networks lte 1800 mhz introducing lte with. A concatenation of policy decision function pdf and charging rules. Evolved packet core epc, which was specified at the same time as lte 3gpp release 8, as the core network to accommodate lte and other radio access systems 1. A network slice comprises dedicated andor shared resources, e.
Not only was the radio access network improved for 4g lte, but the network architecture was overhauled enabling lower latency and much better interconnectivity between elements of the radio access network, ran. This article looks at the evolved packet core epc, the core network of the lte system, giving an overview of the architecture of the core network, describing some of its key elements. Some lte services may not be available depending on the service provider. In the other option, nsa and sa mode is working together and both core networks. The new core network is key to achieving the level of performance that lte must deliver with the sort of low delay across the network that has been hitherto unachievable with gprs and umts. In gsm, the architecture relies on circuitswitching cs. Release 8 was frozen in december 2008 and this has been the basis for the first wave of lte equipment. Lte a meets and exceeds all requirements for 4g as specified in imtadvanced. Pdf enhanced mobile packet core network scheme for next.
The evolved packet core communicates with packet data networks in the outside world such as the internet, private corporate networks or. Lte mobile broadband networks might look like an obvious job for a wireless network engineer. Ralph stephen gibbs long term evolution lte is next generation mobile broadband technology, which promises to offer significantly higher data rates, better quality, and more economical. Pdf in the current evolved packet core epc network for long term evaluation lte mobile network features complicated control and data. It provides a packetonly access with no connection to the circuitswitched mobile core network. This tutorial has been designed for audiences with a need to understand the lte technology basics in very simple terms. The lte network architecture computer science university of. Furthermore, this white paper addresses the core network impacts of traffic migration from gsm to lte and how to integrate lte management into operators network management systems in a cost efficient way. Lte network protocols can be divided into control plane responsible for managing the transport.
For details about service availability, contact your service provider. Packet core epc, more specifically to the mobility management entity mme by means of the s1mme. Nov 12, 2019 we can see that in nsa mode, epc and 5g core network is working together and connected to lte radioaccess network. Though i assumed you have a very little or zero understanding on 2g and 3g technologies like gsm. The gan provides an overlay access between the terminal and the cs core without requiring specific enhancements or support in the network it traverses. The lte network called eps evolved packet system is an endtoend e2e all ip network. Policy and charging rules function pcrf in lte epc core. Mobile core network an overview sciencedirect topics. Evolved packet core epc in 4g lte networks by telcoma. We offer a complete range of epc and ip core infrastructure for small, medium and large scale networks.
Mobile class targets 100 mbps with high mobility and nomadic local area class targets 1 gbpswith low. Our zeroepc solutions for smaller and closed networks. With this continued strong evolution lte steadily paves the way for 5g while reusing the installed base. The proposed tutorial will be a collections of background, stateoftheart, and open research topics in the area of cloud radio access networks. And in fact, wireless knowledge is essential when optimizing the service itself. A tutorial on the funtionality by jatinder jasbir singh. This covers the 5g core network as it is today after june 2018s publication of rel 15 stage 3. The main part of sae is the evolved packet core epc, otherwise known as the sae core. Network slicing is a good example of the need for automation because there will be many more logical entities to commission, provision and manage. It provides enough depth into the concepts of lte technology which can lead to higher level of expertise. In the next section we shall discuss about the various technical challenges and discuss in detail the key technologies which make the transition from 3g to 4g possible.
Systems beyond imt2000 imtadvanced is set to introduce evolutionary path beyond 3g. Volte sip handset sip support, uac, uas, user agent, sipua, underlying lte network dedicated bearer, qci, default bearer, ims core network sip servers, pcscf, icscf, scscf, tas, bgw, mrf, atcf, atgw, mgcf, pstn breakin or breakout calls. The epc consists of the mobility management entity mme1, serving gateway sgw2, packet data network gateway pgw3, and policy and charging rules function pcrf4. Although 3g was the first technology to give real mobile access to the web, it wasnt until lte long term evolution or sometimes called 4g, that our lives became completely mobile. Our lte epc cores are highly scalable, high performance and resilient to ensure highest uptime and availability. Here, we are going to further deconstruct end to end volte network from user device to ims core. The evolved umts terrestrial radio access network eutran. Expeto offers the entire lte core network stack in a platform as a service paas model.
Ltea can aggregate up to 5 carriers to make up to 100 mhz 4. The lectures also cover channel mapping and ue categories. Pdf current cellular networks based on third generation partnership project 3gpp and 3gpp2. This tutorial emphasizes the impacts of ims over the eps access network.
Radio access network tutorial pdf the entities in utran are. Lte specifications are very stable, with the added benefit of enhancements having been. Sae system architecture evolution is the corresponding evolution of the gprs3g packet core network evolution. Evolved packet core epc is a framework for providing converged voice and data on a 4g longterm evolution lte network. Long term evolution lte a tutorial network systems. A tutorial on the functionality on core network mobility jatinder jasbir singh, m. Network functions virtualization provides the basis for an ondemand, cloudbased environment that can be rapidly deployed using commodity offtheshelf hardware.
This is followed by lectures that cover lte frequency bands, ofdm, ofdma, scfdma and lte signaling. Mar 05, 2018 volte ims architecture in simplified way. According to different service requirements, fiberoptic cable availability and network resource allocations, ran real time and nonreal time resources can be deployed on the site or on the access cloud side. Opnet is an efficient discrete event simulator to simulate the behavior and performance of any network. Lte a can aggregate up to 5 carriers to make up to 100 mhz 4. Eps is divided into two parts lte part which deals with the technology related to a radio access network eutran and epc part which deals with the technology related to a core network.
Named as lte long term evolution, the 4g system architecture is made up of an epc evolved packet core and evolved universal terrestrial radio access network eutran. The course also describes emerging 5g technologies as defined by 3gpp. Lte a has frequency reuse factor of 1 since spectrum is expensive, uses highorder mimo. We can see that in nsa mode, epc and 5g core network is working together and connected to lte radioaccess network. This is in contrast to gsm, wcdma, and cdma, which support both circuit and packetswitched services. Different issues related to the physical deployment in the access, metro and core networks of the 5g network are discussed in section 5 while in section 6 we present software. Mme,sgw,hss and pgw will form epcevolved packet core. Myung 2 beyond 3g international mobile telecommunications imt2000 introduced global standard for 3g.
Opnet tutorial to enhance comprehensive environment to develop and support various communication network model and distributed system. We offer opnet network simulator final year projects to implement the various network communications. User plane protocols figure 2 shows the protocol stacks for. Lte is a fourth generation mobile communication technology standardized by the 3gpp which enables support for broadband connectivity to mobile devices, permitting the delivery of demanding multimedia information to any device, anywhere, anytime. A network slice could span across multiple parts of the network e. Both radio and core network related features are covered, but focus is on radio interface functionality. Lte stands for long term evolution and it was started as a project in 2004 by telecommunication body known as the third generation partnership project 3gpp. Lte tutorial lte stands for long term evolution and it was started as a project in 2004 by telecommunication body known as the third generation partnership project 3gpp. The term lte is typically used to represent both lte and sae. Sep 03, 2018 this covers the 5g core network as it is today after june 2018s publication of rel 15 stage 3. Ericsson lte now delivers gigabit speeds to more than ten markets worldwide, adding capacity and cutting timetocontent, for a network that keeps one step ahead of its customers. Gan provides a controller node the gan controller ganc inserted between the ip access network i.
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